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Welded steel pipe
Welded steel pipe, also known as a welded pipe, is a type of steel pipe manufactured by crimping and welding steel plates or strips. This kind of pipe has a relatively simple production process, high efficiency, and a wide range of sizes and specifications, which makes it more cost-effective compared to other types of pipes. However, the overall strength of welded steel pipes is generally lower than that of seamless steel pipes. Since the 1930s, with the development of continuous rolling technology for high-quality steel strips and improvements in welding and inspection techniques, the quality of welds has significantly improved. As a result, the variety and specifications of welded steel pipes have expanded, and they are increasingly replacing non-ferrous metal pipes in many applications.
Welded steel pipes can be classified into two main types based on the shape of the weld: straight seam welded pipes and spiral welded pipes. The production process of straight seam welded pipes is simpler, leading to higher efficiency and lower costs, which has contributed to their rapid development. On the other hand, spiral welded pipes typically have higher strength, but the length of the weld is longer—by about 30% to 100%—compared to straight seam pipes of the same length, which results in slower production speeds. Therefore, smaller diameter pipes are mostly made using straight seam welding, while larger diameter pipes often use spiral welding.
Welded steel pipes for low-pressure fluid transportation (GB/T 3091-2008), commonly referred to as black pipes, are used for conveying general low-pressure fluids such as water, gas, air, oil, and steam. These pipes come in different wall thicknesses, including standard and thickened versions, and the ends can be either threaded or smooth. In addition to direct fluid transport, these pipes are often used as raw materials for galvanized welded steel pipes.
Galvanized welded steel pipes for low-pressure fluid transportation (GB/T 3091-2008), also known as white pipes, are hot-dip galvanized welded pipes used for similar purposes. They are available in both standard and thickened wall options, and the pipe ends can be threaded or smooth. Their size is usually expressed in nominal diameters, which are approximations of the inner diameter, and are often given in inches, such as 1/2", 3/4", 1", etc.
Ordinary carbon steel wire casing (YB/T 5305-2006) is used in electrical installations to protect wires in industrial and civil buildings, as well as in machinery and equipment. Straight seam electric welded steel pipes (GB/T 13793-2008) are designed with the weld aligned along the length of the pipe and are commonly used in structural applications. Spiral submerged arc welded steel pipes (SY/T 5037-2000) are ideal for pressurized fluid transport due to their strong pressure resistance and excellent welding performance.
Spiral high-frequency welded steel pipes (SY/T 5038-2000) are used for transporting pressurized fluids and offer good plasticity, making them easy to weld and process. They are widely used in pipelines for oil and natural gas. Similarly, spiral high-frequency welded steel pipes for low-pressure fluid transportation (SY/T 5039-2000) are suitable for general fluid conveyance and are produced using high-frequency lap welding.
Lastly, spiral-welded steel pipes for piles (SY/T 5768-2000) are used in construction projects such as foundations, docks, and bridges. These pipes are typically made using double-sided submerged arc welding or high-frequency welding, ensuring durability and reliability in structural applications.